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虚拟语气不同形式的理解

来源:www.haoconghui.com 2025-07-18

请教老师们:

虚拟语气中,

假如表示对以后的虚拟,

可以

Ifit rained/were to/should rain tomorrow, we would/should/could/might stay athome.

长期以来,没搞懂的是:

1)条件句中的rained,wereto rain, should rain - 这三者是一样的意思和使用方法呢,还是到底的不同之处?

2)主句中的would,should, could, might -这4个是否含义也是一样的?还是使用方法含义是不一样的?

可惜的是,没一本语法书说明这类问题。

 

3)另外,顺便请教老师

假如不考虑上下文,单独这一句话:

IfI were in the USA, I would do it.

是否大概是对目前的虚拟假设,也会是对以后的虚拟假设?由于条件句中,对目前和对以后的虚拟,二者都可以是动词的过去式,比如did, were,wrote,

此时,要依据语境才能区别是对目前还是对以后的虚拟?这种理解对吗?

1 if从句用过去式或were to do表示以后时间,则说话人觉得从句假设的条件几乎是不可能达成的。用should do则不完全排除这种可能性,但还是偏重于不大可能达成。

2 主句的would是虚拟条件句默认的虚拟语气形式,对应于will表示以后。should, could, might则需要依据语境做出判断。你的句子中,should表示应该的意思,could 表示客观条件许可,might表示主观推断。语法书没必要在讲虚拟语气的时候第三啰嗦地讲情态动词的意思,这是你应该在学习情态动词的时候就学会的。

3 If I were in the USA, I would do it. 这个句子在没上下文的状况下,if从句的时间可能是目前,也会是以后。需要依据语境做出判断。

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